Lammers GJ, Bassetti CLA, Dolenc-Groselj L, et al. Narcolepsy and other central hypersomnias. American Academy of Sleep Medicine 2014.ĭauvilliers Y, Barateau L. ICSD-3: International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd ed. 2016 26:43–56.ĪASM: American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions and sleep disorders. Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: Ĭalandra-Buonaura G, Provini F, Guaraldi P, Plazzi G, Cortelli P. Further research is needed to understand the consequences of these medications on the autonomic nervous system and their possible relation to long-term cardiovascular risk. Management of central disorders of hypersomnolence is nowadays only symptomatic, with wake-promoting agents, often psychostimulants. In narcolepsy type 1, the deficiency in orexin/hypocretin neurons could play a role, and that has been confirmed in animal models of the disease. SummaryĪutonomic impairment is frequent in central disorders of hypersomnolence, and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are not yet fully elucidated. ![]() ![]() Recent studies systematically assessed these symptoms in large cohorts of well-characterized patients, and some studies objectified autonomic disturbances during wakefulness and sleep, mostly with indirect measures. ![]() Patients affected with these rare sleep diseases often report autonomic symptoms. The interactions between the autonomic nervous system and central disorders of hypersomnolence are complex. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on autonomic dysfunctions in central disorders of hypersomnolence: narcolepsy type 1 and type 2, idiopathic hypersomnia, and the Kleine-Levin syndrome.
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